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10 Common Foot Problems & How To Manage Them

10 Common Foot Problems & How To Manage Them
Shweta Chaubey

Our feet carry us through life and bear the brunt of our daily activities. From standing for long hours to wearing ill-fitting shoes, our feet go through a lot, but often, their health goes unnoticed unless a foot problem surfaces. In this article, we will discuss ten common foot problems that many Americans face and their treatment options that can help you have healthier and happier feet.  

10 Common Foot Problems & Their Treatment Options

Common Foot Problem Possible Treatment Option
1. Plantar Fasciitis Exercise, use supportive footwear, orthotic inserts, and electrotherapy
2. Heel Spurs Try physical therapy, massage therapy, temperature therapy, and orthotic supports
3. Bunions Wide-toe box shoes, protective silicone pads, toe separators, and bunion splints
4. Ingrown Toenails Soak the foot in warm water, avoid tight shoes, seek medical help
5. Athlete's Foot Use over-the-counter antifungal creams containing ingredients such as miconazole, clotrimazole, tolnaftate, butenafine, and terbinafine.
6. Gout Maintain a healthy weight, cut on alcohol and purine-rich foods, limit range of motion, keep yourself hydrated
7. Corns and calluses Use foot filers, wear toe caps, buy shoes that have enough room, and use orthotic inserts
8. Neuroma Use arch supports, metatarsal pads, and custom-made shoe orthotics
9. Achilles Tendinitis Use RICE method, orthotic supports, compression sleeves, ankle wraps, and orthopedic wedges
10. Diabetic Neuropathy Keep blood sugar levels in check, avoid alcohol and smoking, take prescription pain killers, follow diabetic diet, exercise, and maintain foot hygiene

1. Plantar Fasciitis  

Plantar fasciitis is one of the most common foot problems that causes heel pain. It is a condition that leads to inflammation in the connective tissue known as plantar fascia, which connects the heel bone to the toes and makes it hard to do simple tasks such as walking. It can also cause heel pain in the morning, which subsides as you get up and start moving.   

Causes   

According to an article by the Cleveland Clinic, anything that irritates or damages your plantar fascia can cause plantar fasciitis, including:  

  • Being on your feet for long hours  
  • Being active or indulging in sports  
  • Walking or working on hard surfaces  
  • Working out without warming up or stretching  
  • Wearing shoes that don't support your feet well enough  
  • Walking or standing barefoot at home  

The same article also states that some health conditions, such as high arch feet, flat feet, or obesity, can also cause plantar fasciitis.

Treatment  

There are many at-home treatment options to curb the pain and discomfort associated with plantar fasciitis. These treatments include -   

Many doctors prescribe night splints braces worn to bed to manage heel pain at night. Night splints gradually stretch the plantar fascia and calf muscles, keeping the foot in a position that points the toes upward. They also help improve blood circulation and reduce inflammation in the affected area.  

 

2. Heel Spurs  

These are calcium deposits under the heel bone. Although painless, they can cause moderate to severe pain in the heels in some cases. These are caused due to excessive strain on foot muscles. Heel spurs are often associated with plantar fasciitis. It can make the feet hurt while walking and cause dull aches throughout the day.   

Causes   

According to a WebMD article, heel spurs are especially common among athletes who run and jump more than a normal person. Some other causes of heel spurs include -   

  • Walking gait abnormalities that put excessive stress on the feet  
  • Running or jogging on hard surfaces  
  • Wearing shoes that do not have arch support  
  • Being overweight or obese  

Treatment for Heel Spurs   

Apart from the surgical interventions, heel spurs can be managed by using -   

  • Physical therapy  
  • Massage therapy – foot rollers  
  • Temperature Therapy – Cold compress  
  • Orthotic inserts and arch supports  
 

3. Bunions  

These are bony bumps that form at the base of the big toe. They are both painful and unpleasant to look at. Bunions are often associated with a condition known as Hallux Valgus, where the big toe starts to tilt toward the smaller toes and the outside of the foot. These bony bumps develop very slowly and are often caused due to shoe irritation.   

Causes of Bunions  

According to an article published by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, bunions may be caused due to -   

  • Ill-fitted shoes  
  • Heredity  
  • Inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis  

Treatment   

Although there are some surgical treatments for bunions, they can only help reduce pain and not reverse it completely. Some non-surgical treatment options may include the use of-   

  • Wide-toe box shoes  
  • Protective silicone pads  
  • Toe separators  
  • Bunion splints  
 

4. Ingrown Toenails  

An ingrown toenail, as the name suggests, is a nail that grows into the surrounding skin, leads to pain, and can potentially cause infection if not treated on time. It is one of the most common foot problems, which can lead to swelling and inflammation around the toenail.

Causes  

  • Some of the most common causes of ingrown toenails include -   
  • Wearing shoes that crowd the nails  
  • Cutting toenails too short  
  • Injuring the nail   
  • Having very curved toenails  
  • Nail infections  
  • Certain medical conditions that can perturb blood flow, such as diabetes  

Treatment for Ingrown Toenail  

Doctors suggest soaking the affected foot in warm water and avoiding tight shoes. If the problem persists, seeking professional care is crucial to prevent complications. If you have diabetes, check your feet regularly for signs of diabetic foot problems.   

5. Athlete's Foot  

Athlete's foot, medically known as tinea pedis, is a contagious fungal infection that occurs on the skin of the feet. It usually begins between the toes and causes itching and discomfort. Though anyone can get an athlete's foot, some are more prone than others.   

Causes of Athlete's Foot  

  • Having sweaty feet  
  • Walking barefoot in public places  
  • Wearing damp socks, stockings  
  • Wearing tight shoes  
  • Sharing towels, socks, or shoes with an infected person  
  • Certain conditions, such as diabetes, obesity, and weakened immune systems  

Treatment   

These are generally treated using over-the-counter antifungal creams containing highly effective ingredients such as miconazole, clotrimazole, tolnaftate, butenafine, and terbinafine. If your body does not respond to these creams, your doctor may prescribe topical or oral prescription-strength medications to treat the infection.  

 

6. Gout  

Another very common foot problem is gout. It is a type of inflammatory arthritis that causes pain and swelling in the joints. The symptoms usually subside within a week or two but can return. According to an article published by the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, gout happens when high levels of serum urate build up in the body. This causes needle-shaped crystals to form in and around the joint, leading to inflammation and arthritis.   

Causes   

There are many potential causes of developing gout, including -    

  • Family history  
  • Alcohol  
  • Age  
  • Drinking high-fructose beverages  
  • Certain health conditions, such as obesity, high blood pressure, and chronic kidney disease, to name a few.   

Treatment for Gout  

Many experts prescribe many treatment options. For instance, a dietician can provide you with dietary changes to improve your health. Similarly, a rheumatologist can help you figure out a way to keep your bones, joints, and muscles healthy and reduce the pain in the feet. Some common treatment options include -   

  • Maintaining a healthy weight  
  • Cutting on alcohol and purine-rich foods  
  • Limiting range of motion  
  • Keeping yourself hydrated  

7. Corns and calluses  

Another common foot problem is corns and calluses. Although these are addressed together, they are slightly different conditions. Corns are small, thickened skin bumps with hard centers usually located on the toes or the bottom of the foot. Calluses are rough skin patches found on the heel or ball of the foot. The difference between the two is that corns are usually smaller than calluses, which are yellow in appearance. Other than that, they have similar causes and symptoms. Both of these can be painful to touch and cause inflammation.   

Causes  

  • Family history  
  • Ill-fitted shoes  
  • Not wearing socks  
  • Diabetes  
  • Bunions  
  • Hammertoes  

Treatment  

Usually, corns and calluses are benign; however, if you don't like how they make your feet look or cause pain or swelling in the feet, consider consulting your podiatrist. They are most likely to prescribe any or all of the following -   

  • Use foot filers  
  • Wear toe caps  
  • Buy shoes that have enough room   
  • Use orthotic inserts  
 

8. Neuroma  

Also known as Morton's Neuroma, this condition causes thickening of the nerve tissue and can cause pain and discomfort. It commonly affects the area between the third and fourth toes.   

Causes   

  • Hammertoes  
  • Bunions  
  • Flat feet  
  • High arch feet  
  • Playing sports that cause repetitive trauma  
  • Wearing tight shoes  
  • Wearing high heels  

Treatment  

Treating Neuroma depends on how severe the symptoms are. Some of the conservative treatment approaches include -   

  • Use of arch supports  
  • Use of metatarsal pads  
  • Custom-made shoe orthotics  

If none of the above methods work, your doctor will most likely suggest surgical intervention or steroid injections to treat Neuroma.   

 

9. Achilles Tendinitis  

It is an overuse injury of the Achilles tendon, a tissue band that connects the calf muscles to the heel bone. Achilles tendinitis can cause severe foot pain, inflammation, tenderness, or stiffness, especially in the morning, which gets milder as you resume activity.   

Causes of Achilles Tendinitis  

Although anybody can incur an overuse injury, some people are more prone to Achilles tendinitis than others, such as -   

  • People with tighter calf muscles  
  • Those dealing with diabetes or obesity  
  • People diagnosed with hypertension  
  • Individuals currently on certain antibiotics  

Treatment  

It usually gets better with the RICE method: rest, ice, compression, and elevation. To elevate the leg and improve healing, you can use orthotic supports, compression sleeves, ankle wraps, and orthopedic wedges. If the symptoms do not improve, consult with your doctor.  

 

10. Diabetic neuropathy  

It is a common diabetic foot problem that causes nerve damage in people with high blood sugar. Diabetic neuropathy can also affect the digestive system, urinary tract, heart health, and blood vessels. Most commonly, it leads to numbness in the legs, hands, and feet, foot infections and ulcers, muscle weakness, and tingling sensations.   

Causes   

Although the exact reason for it is unknown, fluctuations in blood sugar levels due to diabetes can lead to nerve damage over time. Apart from this, family history and alcoholism can also lead to foot problems in diabetics.   

Treatment for Neuropathy  

Unfortunately, this foot condition has no known cure. However, some preservative measures can help slow its progression. These measures include -  

  • Keeping your blood sugar levels in check  
  • Avoiding alcohol and cigarettes  
  • Taking prescription painkillers  
  • Adding diabetes-friendly foods to your diet  
  • Exercising regularly  
  • Maintaining foot hygiene  
 

When to see a doctor  

Foot care is a vital aspect of overall well-being. While these common foot problems can be resolved with proactive steps and the use of certain foot support products, it is important to always consult a doctor before proceeding with any treatment option. If you have persistent or severe foot problems that are causing foot pain and hampering your daily life, consult with a podiatrist immediately.   

Where can you buy the best foot care products to deal with common foot problems?  

HPFY has been online since 2002. We carry an array of foot care products, including heel cups, diabetic foot care supplies, and other pain relief products to deal with common foot problems. Explore our catalog today to find all that you need to stay healthy.   

 

Disclaimer: All content found on our website, including images, videos, infographics, and text were created solely for informational purposes. Our reviewed content should never be used for the purpose of diagnosis or treatment of any medical conditions. Content shared on our websites is not meant to be used as a substitute for advice from a certified medical professional. Reliance on the information provided on our website as a basis for patient treatment is solely at your own risk. We urge all our customers to always consult a physician or a certified medical professional before trying or using a new medical product.

 


HPFY Shweta Chaubey

Shweta Chaubey

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Shweta Chaubey, has been a Health Products For You contributor since 2021. An advocate-turned-writer, her desire to create meaningful and positive content has brought her to HPFY and what better than writing ...

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