Bronchiectasis

Bronchiectasis vs. Bronchitis : The Key Differences

Bronchiectasis and bronchitis are conditions relating to the lungs. Both are characterized by inflammation and mucus. How do they differ? Read on to learn more!

Bronchiectasis vs. Bronchitis

The main difference is that bronchiectasis is inflammation of the windpipe and includes the bronchi and bronchioles. Whereas bronchitis is the inflammation of the walls of the bronchi or the windpipe only. Bronchiectasis causes permanent widening of the airways, while bronchitis is a temporary infection. Bronchiolitis mostly affects babies and young children, whereas bronchitis can affect people of all ages.

Bronchiectasis vs. Bronchitis – Causes

Bronchiectasis Causes:

Inflammation and infection cause a widening of the airways. Eventually, excessive mucus begins to collect in the enlarged areas. The lining in the airways is designed to clear mucus and debris. Damage to the lining may cause mucus to accumulate, making it a breeding ground for bacteria and lung infections. Damage to this lining can occur due to a congenital lung issue or a respiratory illness. Some of the common causes of bronchiectasis are -

1. Cystic Fibrosis: A genetic disorder where the lungs and other organs become clogged over time due to excess production of mucus in the lungs and the digestive tract.
2. Respiratory Infections: Recurring or severe pneumonia or influenza during childhood can permanently damage the lungs. Measles and tuberculosis are also associated with bronchiectasis.
3. Inflammatory Conditions: Allergies, asthma, and autoimmune diseases may also cause swelling of the airway.

Bronchitis Causes

The underlying cause of bronchitis is a cold or flu. However, any irritant of the airways could be responsible. Some  commoncauses are:

• Influenza
• Bacteria
• Pollution 
• Rhinovirus
• Adenovirus
• Coronavirus
• Respiratory Syncytial Virus
• Smoking cigarettes or marijuana

Bronchiectasis vs. Bronchitis – Treatment

Bronchiectasis

Treatment for bronchiectasis focuses on preventing infections, draining any excessive secretions in the lungs, and preventing further complications. Treatment options include:

1. Oxygen therapy
2. Quitting smoking
3. Surgical lung resection
4. Respiratory medicines
5. Getting an annual flu shot
6. Therapies aimed at reducing mucus build-up in the chest
7. Avoiding respiratory irritants like smoke, dust, pollen, and toxins

Bronchitis

Because bronchitis is a temporary illness, heavy doses of medication are usually unnecessary, and many times, lower doses are more effective. Treatment options include:

1. Using a humidifier
2. COPD and asthma treatment 
3. Bronchodilators to help open the airways.
4. Anti-inflammation medicines to reduce inflammation.
5. Antibiotics are prescribed in cases of bacterial infection.
6. Antiviral medications (in case bronchitis is caused by the flu).
7. OTC or prescription cough suppressants to get relief from the nagging cough.

There are many products available to relieve nasal congestion and thin mucus, provide additional oxygen, and create a humid environment to eliminate dryness.

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While both conditions, bronchiectasis and bronchitis, affect the lungs directly, their treatments may vary depending on the intensity of the impact on the lungs and the severity of the situation. Learn about breathing exercises that help regulate the airflow, avoid dusty environments, and if you feel short of breath, stop the activity that led to it. Consult your doctor if the condition worsens. 

 

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